In November 2014, the state council convened the national youth campus football work picturephone meeting, in March 2015, the national youth campus football first administrative personnel and the principal
training held in guangdong zhongshan. From the decision to the start, these two things are the signs that the Chinese youth campus football (hereinafter referred to as "campus football"), which is
dominated by the ministry of education, has been planned since the end of 2014. Subsequently, the ministry of education and other six departments concerned about speeding up the implementation of the
development of youth campus football and the implementation of the Chinese football medium and long-term development plan (2016-2050) and other important documents have been released successively.
So far, the campus football as the breakthrough point of reform of school sports work has been nearly three years, meanwhile, the ministry of education, with other departments in the country to carry out a
series of campus football overall layout work, including the system construction, teacher training, curriculum teaching, competition mechanism, condition guarantee, etc., among them, the verification and
campus football features of primary and secondary schools across the country by 20218, the campus football pioneer (area), 102, (city) above the campus football reform experimental area for 12 a, build the
solid foundation for development of campus football.
To accelerate the development of the campus football, improve education workers and the understanding of the physical education teachers, the ministry of education organized the 2015, 2015 annual national
youth football training in schools, a total of training characteristics of the school principal, sports backbone teachers, coaches, nearly 30000 people, has ensured the teachers for the campus football
development. In July 2017, the ministry of education carried out the review of campus football characteristic schools nationwide, and comprehensively reviewed the construction of campus football
characteristic schools. According to the relevant regulations of the ministry of education, the institute has organized a series of research work on the development of campus football in the past three
years. The purpose of the survey is to identify problems, analyze problems and solve problems.
Research from the education comprehensive reform experimental area of the Chinese academy of education.
On November 23, 2017, solstice25, hosted by China education science research institute, was held in guangzhou for the youth campus football league in the experimental area of the education comprehensive
reform of the Chinese academy of education. Thirty football teams from 16 experimental districts in 12 provinces participated in the competition, including 13 in junior high school and 17 teams in primary
school. Based on the competition, the institute of Chinese academy of science and technology has carried out special investigation and test research on the establishment of football courses and football
skill level in the experimental area.
The school football classes in the experimental area are in good condition. According to the survey, as a national school football characteristic school, 16 experimental districts have achieved the goal of
setting up football courses. On the whole, there are 62.5 percent of the schools that meet the weekly football classes. Among them, the best one is primary school, middle school and high school. Survey
shows that, due to the abundant academic pressure is small, physical education, elementary school football characteristic school for football lesson a week there is no problem, the junior middle school,
high school is relatively poor, the main factor of restriction of junior middle school, high school football course is less total hours per week and teacher professionalism is not high, in order to meet
the requirements of the high school football courses, some schools to explore in high school soccer module teaching way, in order to solve the football class didn't have enough time and the problem of
shortage of teachers.
The survey found that the level of football skills of students in the experimental area has steadily improved over the past two years. In China to teach science college campus football league every team,
players from experimental area of the same middle school or primary school, in accordance with the principle of not allow cross-school and selected in the team, the players are all team for the normal
students.
With reference to the ministry of education issued by the "standard of student football athlete skill level", teach science college campus in the football league in China, a reverse layup design pass the
ball, the ball 10 meters, instep positive bounce the ball, dribbling round rod shooting 4 test. Test results show that the primary sections 11, 12 years old age group students, compared with 2016 in 2017,
four groups compared three groups of indicators showed a trend of level, just pass a ball, index below 2016 in 2017. In the first group, the group of 14 and 15 years of age group, compared with 2016, the
four groups showed the level of improvement. In particular, there is a significant improvement on the two indexes of the ball and the ball around the ball, which reflects the trend of improving football
skill level of the players.
It can be seen that in the three years since the implementation of campus football, the development of the experimental area of the Chinese academy of education has been in good condition.
From the national youth football training trainee survey.
China's promotion of campus football is not only a prelude to football, but also the overall reform of the school's sports. Meanwhile, it is also the education comprehensive reform that enhances
education's overall quality. The purpose of carrying out campus football is to expand the population of football and consolidate the talent base. The specific goal is to enhance students' physical fitness,
improve football skills and cultivate perfect personality.
The development of campus football is difficult to achieve the ideal effect only by physical education teachers, which is an important feature of the subject of classroom teaching, which is different from
mathematics, Chinese and English. But to implement good school football, teacher training is essential.
From 2016 to 2017, under the overall planning in the ministry of education, China education science research institute has completed 2016 annual campus football training task, a total of training more than
15000 people, including 4800 distinctive campus football school principals, backbone teacher 4590 people, the backbone of class teacher 897 people, the referee / 182 retired athletes, sports research staff
of 350 people.
Based on training, teaching body WeiYi research institute research institute of China is the main factor restricting the campus football characteristic school construction and development "has carried on
the questionnaire and interview survey, a total of research, the principal of 4766 people, sports backbone teacher 3804 people, the sports research staff of 133 people. The survey showed that 72 percent of
soccer classes were taught in school football specialty schools. Due to the promotion of campus football, the school sports conditions have improved, the teacher allocation, the school competition and the
sports culture construction have made progress.
On the whole, the survey shows that, apart from the knowledge of accidental injury treatment, the principal is basically in line with the opinion of the key teachers and teachers. More than 94 percent of
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the principals said that the biggest factor threatening the development of school football was the imperfect mechanism of accidental injury to students. This is an urgent problem for campus football.
Ninety-one percent of principals and 68 percent of sports key teachers believe that the important factor that restricts the development of campus football is the level of teachers. Although there is no
shortage of PE teachers in school football characteristics, the high level of professional football teachers is quite lacking.
Features of 3804 front-line teachers, according to a survey of five main factors of influence the campus football development at present, in turn, are: lack of teachers' team construction lagging, activity
time, lack of funds, lack of culture learning and football training contradiction, sites.
With survey results from more than 300 sports research staff, on the whole, consistent with the results of the survey of PE teachers, research staff think that the main influence factors which restrict the
development of the campus football is in turn: lack of teachers' team construction lagging, activity time, lack of funds, insufficient recognition of the principal, parents do not support. Further
interviews revealed that although the level of teachers has become the main factor restricting the development of campus football, there is a welcome phenomenon behind it. In recent years, along with the
development of economy, the social from all walks of life, both the principal, teachers and parents, the importance of school physical education, students' recognition of the importance of physical health,
has obviously improved, therefore, the school in accordance with requirements of the ministry of education, within the scope of school physical education curriculum to carry out the campus football
activities, on the whole to be able to gain understanding and support. However, the teachers worry that the first is the shortage of teachers, and the second is that PE teachers can not provide high
quality and safe football teaching. It also shows that the most popular and popular sports in school sports are not football, so the level of the teachers' football teaching is always questioned.
48 percent of the sports backbone teachers believe that the lack of space is the limiting factor for the development of campus football. Compared with the shortage of teachers, the school site is not the
most important factor restricting the football activities of featured schools, and its importance is not ranked in the top three. Further interviews revealed that there are two reasons for this. One is
that the 5,000 primary and secondary schools investigated are all national-level campus football characteristics schools. The basic conditions of sports in these schools are relatively good, which can meet
the needs of football teaching, after-school training and competition. More than 50% of the more than 3,800 schools featured in the survey have standard football fields. More than 24.3% of the stadium;
Many schools have a caged or enclosure football field, and most of the school facilities are equipped with the conditions for carrying out campus football. Second, and has a broad field of public awareness
and violent confrontation of competitive football is different, schools in football teaching, small class football game venues and campus football competition, therefore, demand for space is not than
normal to carry out sports activities can demand a higher school.
At present, there are some problems in campus football because of the lack of scientific evaluation mechanism. According to the survey, it is necessary to introduce and implement the education-oriented
campus football evaluation system in a timely manner. It should be clear that school football is education first, followed by football. Most PE teachers think that since it is education, there should be an
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evaluation mechanism consistent with education. In some schools appear with construction team as the core, performance oriented evaluation the phenomenon of campus football benefits, because at present a
lot of schools are still in the traditional competitive sports concept to guide the campus football. Therefore, in order to guide the sustainable and healthy development of the campus football, should be
around the "strengthening physical health, improve the football skills, cultivating healthy personality" of the campus football goal, build a reasonable evaluation method.
At the beginning of the campus football development, league football lesson a week, the class should be extensively developed, improved physical health level, personality development good index evaluation
method, to reject the results of the competition oriented evaluation.
The research also shows that the main factors that influence the development of the high level of football in the future are the knowledge system and the level of discipline which is the core of football
in China. More than 80% of sports key teachers believe that to realize the high quality development of campus football and to promote the improvement of Chinese football level, it is very important to
establish the scientific development concept of football.
As open-ended questionnaire survey, many think of physical education teachers, teaching and research, through training, especially after listen to foreign expert teaching found that domestic football
education of child and adolescent stage, in the interest guidance, cognitive development, physical training, special skills and football culture construction, etc., compared with the scientific football
education system abroad, there is a big gap. By intensive training, they think, staffed, meet the basic needs of campus football development of the short-term goal is achievable, but in the long run, the
campus football practitioners, including physical education teachers, football coach, etc., must be updating ideas, knowledge, should abandon the backward education teaching and training methods, to learn
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to master scientific and effective methods of football education. At present, the most important thing to promote in the development of campus football is to follow the rules of physical and mental growth
of teenagers, the rules of football learning and the regularity of athletes' success.
The above research also warns us that the development of campus football in the future should prevent the following undesirable tendencies: first, it cannot face all students, and ignores the original
intention of football development and expansion of football population. The second is to ignore the interest cultivation, and to instill in the backward football concepts and methods with the authority of
teachers and coaches; The third is the principle of the harmonious development of the mind and body, and does not pay much attention to mental training and cognitive development, and carries out the
special quality and skill learning too soon.
(the author is director of the education institute of sports health and art, education academy of science in China)
The original address: http://www.edu.cn/edu/jiao_yu_yan_jiu/201712/t20171229_1577403.shtml